With the cold weather setting in on New York City, the winter months also bring a more unsavory visitor: The flu. From December 7-13, the Centers for Disease Control and the American Academy of Pediatrics is supporting National Influenza Vaccination Week (NIVW) across the nation. We’ve compiled some need-to-know flu vaccination facts facts from the APA to help ensure a safe and healthy winter. 
Why is getting vaccinated every year so important?
Due to the ever-evolving strains of influenza, it is critical to get vaccinated every year. Moreover, because the vaccine’s effectiveness declines over time, consistently getting vaccinated is the best way to decrease your chances of getting the flu. The earlier you get vaccinated, the better. It takes about 14 days for a person to be fully protected. Furthermore, the vaccine takes two forms: a shot and a nasal spray.
Who is at risk for contracting the flu?
Children under 2 and senior citizens generally have the highest chances of getting the flu. Children under 5 also have a higher than average risk. Individuals with asthma, cardiac issues, diabetes mellitus, and neurodevelopment disorders are also more prone to the flu.
Do young children (babies-9 years) need the vaccine?
- 6 months of age is the youngest age that a baby can receive a flu shot.
- Typically, young children only need one dose of the vaccine annually. If the child has only received the vaccine once before, a doctor may recommend a second dose in the same year.
- The first dose of the influenza vaccine should be administered as soon as it comes available. If a second dose is required, it should be given at least 28 days after the first dose.
- If a child requires a second dose of the vaccine, they can receive either the nasal spray, or the shot.
What about pregnant women?
- Pregnant women are able to get the flu shot, but cannot use the nasal spray.
- Women that are breastfeeding can use either the shot or the nasal spray.
What about the rest of us (ages 9-64)?
- Every individual over age 9 only needs one dose of the vaccine for the 2014-15 season.
- An intradermal (smaller needle) is also available for individuals 18 years and older.
- A higher dose is recommended in the shot form for individuals 65 and older.
Where to get vaccinated in New York City:
If you can’t make a visit to your pediatrician, Duane Reade and Walgreen’s will be administering flu shots all season, with no appointment necessary. The vaccination is free with most insurance policies. Fill-out, print and bring a copy of the Vaccine Administration Record (VAR) Informed Consent Form when you go.CVS and Rite Aid also provide flu shots, accept walk-ins and getting the immunization is free with most insurance policies.
You can also find a flu clinic near you by using the NYC Department of Health’s flu locator, which allows you to search by borough.
You can also remind your family that you can avoid contracting the flu by consistently washing your hands with soap, covering your mouth when sneezing or coughing, and avoiding touching your mouth, nose or eyes.
Do I or my children have the flu?
Early symptoms can include:
- A high fever
- Chills and aches
- Fatigue, sluggishness
- Sore throat
- Runny nose and congestion
- Nausea or vomiting
